PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND FITNESS OF GPGPU AND MULTICORE ARCHITECTURES FOR SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS

Recent trends in computing architecture development have focused on exploiting task- and data-level parallelism from applications. Major hardware vendors are experimenting with novel parallel architectures, such as the Many Integrated Core (MIC) from Intel that integrates 50 or more x86 processors on a single chip, the Accelerated Processing Unit from AMD that integrates a multicore x86 processor with a graphical processing unit (GPU), and many other initiatives from other hardware vendors that are underway. Therefore, various types of architectures are available to developers for accelerating an application. A performance model that predicts the suitability of the architecture for accelerating an application would be very helpful prior to implementation. Thus, in this research, a Fitness model that ranks the potential performance of accelerators for an application is proposed. Then the Fitness model is extended using statistical multiple regression to model both the runtime performance of accelerators and the impact of programming models on accelerator performance with high degree of accuracy. We have validated both performance models for all the case studies. The error rate of these models, calculated using the experimental performance data, is tolerable in the high-performance computing field. In this research, to develop and validate the two performance models we have also analyzed the performance of several multicore CPUs and GPGPU architectures and the corresponding programming models using multiple case studies. The first case study used in this research is a matrix-matrix multiplication algorithm. By varying the size of the matrix from a small size to a very large size, the performance of the multicore and GPGPU architectures are studied. The second case study used in this research is a biological spiking neural network (SNN), implemented with four neuron models that have varying requirements for communication and computation making them useful for performance analysis of the hardware platforms. We report and analyze the performance variation of the four popular accelerators (Intel Xeon, AMD Opteron, Nvidia Fermi, and IBM PS3) and four advanced CPU architectures (Intel 32 core, AMD 32 core, IBM 16 core, and SUN 32 core) with problem size (matrix and network size) scaling, available optimization techniques and execution configuration. This thorough analysis provides insight regarding how the performance of an accelerator is affected by problem size, optimization techniques, and accelerator configuration. We have analyzed the performance impact of four popular multicore parallel programming models, POSIX-threading, Open Multi-Processing (OpenMP), Open Computing Language (OpenCL), and Concurrency Runtime on an Intel i7 multicore architecture; and, two GPGPU programming models, Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) and OpenCL, on a NVIDIA GPGPU. With the broad study conducted using a wide range of application complexity, multiple optimizations, and varying problem size, it was found that according to their achievable performance, the programming models for the x86 processor cannot be ranked across all applications, whereas the programming models for GPGPU can be ranked conclusively. We also have qualitatively and quantitatively ranked all the six programming models in terms of their perceived programming effort. The results and analysis in this research indicate and are supported by the proposed performance models that for a given hardware system, the best performance for an application is obtained with a proper match of programming model and architecture

Sustainable Economic Growth: A Challenge to Embrace for Bangladesh

The economy of Bangladesh is moving from a predominantly agricultural economy to a service sector dominated industry-based economy In recent times the word sustainable growth becomes a highly questionable word in Bangladesh However what does it mean And how can Bangladesh make a sustainable economic growth In general terms sustainable growth means a rate of growth which can be maintained without creating other significant economic problems especially for future generations If we extend sustainable growth in terms of GDP growth then indeed Bangladesh is in a way to achieve sustainable growth Between 2003 from 2017 last 14 years Bangladesh averaged a GDP growth rate of 6 3 It is unlikely significant to achieve once 6 GDP growth or higher and plunging in the following year However it is difficult to constantly hold the average GDP rate of 6 or higher In contemporary years despite political turmoil Bangladesh has done a great job to hold the GDP at 6 more or less an average economic growth which is much higher than some other countries in South Asia or South East Asi

E-Commerce Integration with Value Chain to Grip Competitive Advantage in the era of International Business

By dint of deconstruction of value chain through e-commerce, organization has moved from centralized, vertically integrated, single manufacturing facilities to geographically discrete web of resources that reciprocally generate ultimate “Value” for the global customers. The foundation basis of e-commerce is accurate and real time information flow which used to absent in the traditional linear sequenced value chain process. This paper discuss the information distortion in the linear sequenced traditional value chain and explain the gap that implies the necessity of real time information across the supply chain partners spreading across the world  to meet up diversified consumer need. Also the paper examines the role of information technology in the form of e-commerce is vital to integrate with value chains to ensure just in time logistics delivery at the operation floor accumulated from different parts of world and deliver right through the channel to end customer by ensuring efficient warehouse management. Keyords: Value chain, e-commerce, JIT, customer demand, out sourcing, e-business strategy, supply chain, information integratio

Application of E-SCM Strategies to Enhance Efficiency and Effectiveness in the Clothing Retail Sector

In this globalized era, world business setup has been changing. With the growing impact of information technology, contemporary consumers are increasingly adopting online resources to shop both on and offline. To meet this changing consumer habit, supply chain management has to shift its traditional linear sequence structure to agile, prompt, cost effective and real-time information integrated process to respond to worldwide consumer promptly. Information technology in the form of e-business enhanced this overall function of SCM. Through the increasing implementation of information integrated SCM or E-SCM application, now firms are capable to access themselves in the real time information about the consumer demand. Logistics management, which was always been an immense challenge for supply chain parties to manage has become an efficient process through information integrated ware house management. Therefore, in this growing era of information technology, the paper aims to investigate how e-SCM strategy, focusing on e-logistics, enhances the overall business performance taking cloth industry as an example. To do that E-SCM strategy has been described in perspective of e-fulfillment, e-procurement, e-distribution and e-transportation. Keyword: E-SCM, e-logistics, information integration, e-procurement, e-distribution, e-fulfillment, e-transportatio

Design and Implementation of a Low-cost MOSFET Based Chopper Drive DC Motor Speed Control

Electric drives have numerous applications in diverse areas such as rolling mills, electric trains and robotic manipulators. Inefficient control of motor speed can destroy the equipment itself; even can cause a severe accident. In this project, a low-cost MOSFET based chopper drive DC motor speed control system was designed and implemented. In this system, the feedback voltage from the load controls the speed of the DC motor through speed controller. From the measurement, it is clear that for a maximum rpm of 210, the percentage of error varied from 1.10 to 14.28 for 12 V supply voltage. The total cost of the speed control scheme is only 18 USD. Such a drive will be appropriate for the speed control of DC motor in household to industrial appliances

Electronic Marketplaces: A Cross-Industry Comparison

This research addresses the question of the potential growth of electronic marketplaces as an e-entrepreneurship model. We will examine how electronic marketplaces are different among industry sectors from two major perspectives: the level of electronic marketplace usage and the level of e-readiness.  The results of an empirical study conducted in the United States show that a wide range of industry sectors are currently prepared to use electronic marketplaces, and will use them in the future. These findings indicate a better chance for the growth of e-entrepreneurship as a solution for entrepreneurs in our current troubled economy

Real and nominal effects of monetary policy shocks

Using Canadian data we estimate the effects of monetary policy shocks on various real and nominal variables using a fully recursive VAR model. We decompose the nominal interest rate into an ex-ante real interest rate and inflationary expectations using the Blanchard-Quah structural VAR model with the identifying restriction that ex-ante real interest rate shocks have but a temporary impact on the nominal interest rate. The inflationary expectations are then employed to estimate a policy reaction function that identifies monetary policy shocks. We find that a positive shock introduced by raising the monetary aggregates raises inflationary expectations and temporarily lowers the ex-ante real interest rate. As well, it depreciates the Canadian dollar and generates other macro effects consistent with conventional monetary theory although these effects are not statistically significant. Using the overnight target rate as the monetary policy instrument we find that a contractionary monetary policy shock lowers inflationary expectations and raises the ex-ante real interest. Such a contractionary monetary policy shock also appreciates the Canadian currency, decreases industrial output and increases the unemployment rate. We obtain qualitatively better results using the overnight target rate rather than a monetary aggregate as the monetary policy instrument. Our estimated results are robust to various modifications of the basic VAR model and do not encounter empirical anomalies such as the liquidity and exchange rate puzzles found in some previous VAR studies of the effects of monetary policy shocks in an open economy

Small Business Entrepreneurships In The United States

A small business entrepreneur is defined as an individual who establishes and manages a business for the principal purpose of profit and growth. Small businesses constitute an increasingly large proportion of businesses generally in the United States’ economy. They account for 39 per cent of the United States’ gross national product and create two out of every three new jobs in our economy. Seven important prerequisites are identified as being necessary for successfully operating a small business. These include adequate financing, qualified personnel, efficient operation and production, marketing and sales, customer service, information management and administration. One of the most significant contributors to failure of a small business relates to acquisition of adequate capital. Small Business Administration (SBA) was established by Federal Government in 1953 to provide low interest loans to small business borrowers that would not otherwise have access to credit. However, there is some criticism that these SBA programs unfairly benefit, not the small businesses, but the financial institutions that participate in the SBA loan programs. Another significant source of debt financing to small businesses is known as ‘micro-financing,’ started as new wave in providing capital to small businesses by the Nobel Peace Prize winner, Muhammad Yunus, in Bangladesh

PRIIME: A generic framework for interactive personalized interesting pattern discovery

The traditional frequent pattern mining algorithms generate an exponentially large number of patterns of which a substantial proportion are not much significant for many data analysis endeavors. Discovery of a small number of personalized interesting patterns from the large output set according to a particular user's interest is an important as well as challenging task. Existing works on pattern summarization do not solve this problem from the personalization viewpoint. In this work, we propose an interactive pattern discovery framework named PRIIME which identifies a set of interesting patterns for a specific user without requiring any prior input on the interestingness measure of patterns from the user. The proposed framework is generic to support discovery of the interesting set, sequence and graph type patterns. We develop a softmax classification based iterative learning algorithm that uses a limited number of interactive feedback from the user to learn her interestingness profile, and use this profile for pattern recommendation. To handle sequence and graph type patterns PRIIME adopts a neural net (NN) based unsupervised feature construction approach. We also develop a strategy that combines exploration and exploitation to select patterns for feedback. We show experimental results on several real-life datasets to validate the performance of the proposed method. We also compare with the existing methods of interactive pattern discovery to show that our method is substantially superior in performance. To portray the applicability of the framework, we present a case study from the real-estate domain

Consumer Satisfaction through the Positioning of Fundamental Consumer Value Ingredients can Enhance the Opportunity of Green Marketing

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether fundamental consumer value ingredients in green product have noteworthy relationship with consumer satisfaction or not to attract mainstream consumers to consume green to enhance the concept of ‘Green Marketing’. Organic food has been selected as an effective means to investigate the research objective. As a part of quantitative research method questionnaire survey was conducted on a total of 680 consumers especially at super market areas of London and Scotland. A comprehensive descriptive analysis revealed that consumers highly demand indentified non-green consumer value ingredients along with existing green value ingredients in green food to get them satisfied. The analysis also found that consumers are no longer interested to pay high price premium for green food which solely concentrate on green value claims rather consumers are more likely to pay extra cost if the product effectively blend green and non-green value ingredients in green products. Therefore, a strong relationship has been discovered between consumer satisfaction and green consumption with the presence of fundamental consumer value ingredients. Keywords: Green Marketing, Green value positioning, Fundamental consumer value ingredients, Green value element